Conditions this procedure may treat
- Advanced knee osteoarthritis
- Severe pain and deformity
- Loss of function despite non-operative treatment
Joint Replacement
Total Knee Replacement
Replacement of damaged knee surfaces to reduce pain and improve function.
Procedure overview
What is Total Knee Replacement?
Total Knee Replacement is replacement of damaged knee surfaces to reduce pain and improve function. It is considered only after clinical examination, required investigations and discussion of non-surgical options where appropriate.
Recognising the problem
Symptoms & When to Seek Care
Symptoms alone cannot confirm that surgery is needed. Clinical examination and relevant investigations are essential.
- ✓Daily knee pain
- ✓Walking difficulty
- ✓Stiffness and deformity
- !Sudden severe or rapidly worsening pain
- !High fever, fainting, breathing difficulty or confusion
- !Persistent bleeding, repeated vomiting or inability to pass urine/stool
- !A painful swelling that becomes hard, red or cannot be reduced
Step-by-step guide
What Usually Happens
The exact technique may change according to findings, patient safety and the treating surgeon’s judgement.
The surgical and anaesthesia teams verify the patient, procedure, consent and safety checklist.
After Spinal or general anaesthesia with multimodal pain control, the operative area is cleaned and kept sterile.
The surgeon removes damaged joint surfaces and positions metal and high-grade plastic components.
Bleeding is controlled, the treated area is checked and the incision or access site is closed or dressed.
The patient is monitored in recovery before transfer to the ward, day-care area or critical care when required.
Before surgery
Preparation & Safety Checks
- Consultation, examination and confirmation of diagnosis
- Blood tests and imaging or endoscopy when advised
- Review of medicines, allergies, diabetes, blood pressure and blood-thinner use
- Pre-anaesthesia assessment, consent and fasting instructions
Potential benefits
Advantages When the Procedure Is Appropriate
Benefits vary. Your consultant will explain what improvement is realistically expected in your individual case.
Treatment of the underlying problem when surgery is clinically appropriate
Reduction in pain or troublesome symptoms
Improved function and quality of life
A planned recovery pathway with follow-up
Recovery & aftercare
Your Recovery Pathway
Always follow the patient-specific discharge instructions issued by your treating team.
Immediate care
- Pain control and monitoring as advised by the treating team
- Early movement, breathing exercises or physiotherapy when appropriate
- Wound, drain, catheter or dressing care explained before discharge
- Medicines taken only as prescribed, with warning signs clearly discussed
Food & hydration
- Resume liquids and food only when the treating team advises
- Choose light, balanced, protein-rich meals during recovery
- Maintain hydration unless fluid restriction has been prescribed
- Follow procedure-specific, diabetic, renal or other therapeutic diet advice
Activity restrictions
- Avoid driving, alcohol and important decisions for at least 24 hours after sedation or anaesthesia
- Avoid heavy lifting, strenuous exercise and wound soaking until cleared
- Do not stop or restart blood thinners without medical advice
- Return gradually to work and normal activity according to the surgeon’s plan
Follow-up plan
- First review as written in the discharge instructions
- Wound, suture, drain or catheter review when applicable
- Pathology or culture report review if tissue or fluid was tested
- Further rehabilitation or specialist review according to recovery
Simple & honest information
Possible Risks
Every procedure has risks. Banthia Hospital uses patient identification, consent, pre-anaesthesia assessment, surgical safety checks, sterile practices and postoperative monitoring to reduce avoidable harm.
- 01Temporary pain, swelling, bruising, nausea or minor wound discharge
- 02Bleeding, infection, delayed healing or reaction to medicines or anaesthesia
- 03Injury to nearby tissue, recurrence, blood clot or need for an additional procedure are uncommon but possible
- 04Individual risk varies with age, diagnosis, emergency status and other health conditions; the consultant explains patient-specific risks during consent
Visual learning
Watch: Understanding the Procedure
Animated Educational VideoThis third-party animation is for general learning. It contains no real surgical footage and does not replace your surgeon’s explanation.
Patient questions
Frequently Asked Questions
These answers provide general guidance. Your surgeon and anaesthetist will give advice specific to your health and treatment plan.
01Do I definitely need Total Knee Replacement?+
Not necessarily. The consultant recommends surgery only after reviewing symptoms, examination, investigations, alternatives and the likely benefit for you.
02What anaesthesia will be used?+
Spinal or general anaesthesia with multimodal pain control The final plan is discussed before surgery.
03How long will the procedure and hospital stay take?+
Usually 1–2 hours Commonly 3–5 days These are general expectations, not a guarantee.
04When can I return to normal activity?+
Recovery depends on the procedure, wound, occupation and overall health. Follow the written discharge plan and do not rush lifting, exercise or driving.
05When should I seek urgent help after discharge?+
Contact the hospital for high fever, severe or increasing pain, breathing difficulty, heavy bleeding, repeated vomiting, inability to pass urine, wound opening or rapidly increasing swelling.
Continue learning
All surgeries →Related Procedures
Symptoms worsening suddenly?
Seek urgent assessment for severe pain, heavy bleeding, breathing difficulty, collapse, confusion or rapidly increasing swelling.
Call 9770041451Discuss this procedure with a specialist
Our team will confirm the appropriate department, consultant and appointment availability.
Request consultationMedical information notice
This page is for general education and is not a diagnosis, prescription or guarantee of a particular procedure or result. Technique, anaesthesia, duration, hospital stay and recovery differ between patients. The treating consultant’s advice takes priority.